“To ensure that Science truly benefits the people and the planet and leaves no one behind, there is need to transform the entire scientific process. Open Science is a movement aiming to make science more open, accessible, efficient, democratic, and transparent.” (source UNESCO, 2020) In the first part of the seminar we will learn from Dr.Ana Persic how UNESCO is taking the lead in building a global consensus on Open Science, including a common definition, a shared set of values and proposals for action. In the second part Dr.Rania M.H. Baleela of University of Khartoum (Sudan) will present the challenges faced by researchers in less developed countries in making the Open Science principles an equal opportunity and a global reality.