All living organisms need to respond to changing environmental signals for their survival. Therefore, organisms have developed elaborate intracellular and intercellular signaling mechanisms to respond appropriately to environmental changes [1, 2]. In this talk, I will focus on our study of signal-response mechanisms associated with sensing temperature changes using the roundworm, C. elegans, as a model system. In the first part of the talk, I will discuss a theoretical model that helps in understanding how temperature fluctuations are relayed across the thermosensory AFD neuron through the cGMP pathway leading to changes in Calcium response dynamics [3]. In the second part of my talk, I will discuss our experimental study where we look into how the heat shock response dynamics is affected by the AFD neuron specific receptor guanylate cyclases (rGCs). Through behavioral assays and molecular biology studies at the mRNA and protein levels, we find that the rGCs in the neuron play a very important role in upregulating the small heat shock proteins present in the other cells during high temperature (>30 deg celcius) conditions [4].